Artificial Disc Replacement (ADR) is a safe, minimally invasive
surgical treatment that can
- Relieve pain,
- Restore spinal flexibility,
- Enhance the overall quality of life.
An artificial disc replacement is a surgical treatment that
replaces a damaged or degenerative intervertebral disc in the spine with an
artificial disc. The operation is also known as "total disc replacement" (TDR)
or "total disc arthroplasty" (TDA).
ADR can be used in the lumbar spine for low back pain and in the cervical spine
for neck pain, arm discomfort, and other symptoms caused by spinal cord
compression.
An ADR surgical surgery can be a highly effective technique to relieve pain from
a spinal disease and enhance a patient's overall quality of life. An ADR might
be a highly efficient way to find a lasting cure to the discomfort caused by
degenerative disc disease or disc herniation.
What is Degenerative Disc Disease?
Degenerative disc disease, a major cause of low back
pain, develops when one or more discs (gel-filled cushions between the
vertebrae) rupture or degenerate. Unlike other "degenerative" illnesses,
symptoms of disc issues typically resolve in a few weeks with minimum
therapy. However, a tiny number of patients experience chronic problems that
may necessitate surgery.
The Science of Artificial Disc Replacement
An artificial disc, consisting of surgical-grade
plastic and/or metal, is a long-lasting and feasible replacement for a "worn
out" intervertebral disc. Artificial discs serve the same purpose as real
spinal discs, but their substance is strong, inert, and resistant to
delamination (adhesion separation).
Success Rates for Artificial Disc Replacement
ADR is widely recognized as the least intrusive spinal surgery, with a
success rate of 90-95%. There have been several randomized controlled trials
comparing fusion to disc replacement and all have proven ADR to be better,
particularly over beyond 5 years. Long-term (20+ years) studies from Europe
now confirm the effectiveness and safety of ADR.
Who Could Benefit from Back Surgery?
Chronic neck and back discomfort can be caused by a degenerative condition
that affects our vertebral discs, which are a tough yet malleable, cushioned
shock-absorbing covering for our vertebrae, the bones that support our upper
body weight and twist and bend. Unfortunately, practically everyone over the
age of 40 suffers from some form of degenerative disc disease.
Back surgery is seldom the first choice for treating back pain, and Dr.
Anand frequently sees patients who have already undergone spinal surgery.
For most people, attempting to treat back pain for at least six months with
non-surgical approaches is indicated. If their pain persists after at least
six months of therapies such as heat treatment, maximal tolerated exercise,
physical therapy, oral analgesics, and corticosteroids, they may be a
candidate for advanced disc replacement surgery.
What are the advantages of ADR over spinal fusion surgery?
Improved quality of life :
Because the pain is completely or partially eliminated and the vertebrae
restore their movement, the patient can have a higher quality of life,
expect a shorter recovery period, and even practice sports again.
Significantly reduced risk :
The danger of deterioration in the surrounding discs is considerably
minimized with disc replacement since the vertebrae are not immobilized.
This deterioration does tend to develop following spinal fusion surgery
since it leads to extra biomechanical stress on the discs immediately above
and below the fused disc. This might lead to the necessity for more surgery
in the future.
Minimally invasive surgery :
ADR surgery is a less invasive surgical procedure because it uses an
anterior approach to the spine, removing the need to modify the back muscles
or nerves. All of this dramatically lowers the likelihood of postoperative
discomfort and nerve damage.
Avoid blood loss. :
Osteotomies are not required, eliminating the possibility of severe blood
loss.